However, current studies that are being conducted are not necessarily looking at the heritability of intelligence but, specific gene loci that is affiliated with intelligence. These studies are conducted in two different ways, linkage analysis and candidate gene association. In linkage analysis there are gene markers that are evenly distributed along the entire length of a chromosome in known locations of two genetically similar individuals (Posthuma and Geus 152). Gene markers are simply landmarks along a genome that can be small discrepancies in a base pair or numerous repeats in nucleotides. Each DNA marker is evident to a particular traits, traits ranging from physical attributes to cognitive ability. Gene association is basically genes that are in the general vicinity of a gene marker. Usually genes that are near a gene maker are associated with the function of the gene marker. Also gene loci that are located in the same position on different people of similar genetic background usually perform the same function or code for the same trait. The reason for this assumption is because genes are transcribed in chunks.
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